一.心电轴
[1]
1903年Willem Einthoven发明了弦线式心电图机描记到具有临床实际意义的心电图。自此,这项创新对各种心律失常的诊断显示出重要价值。目前心电图仍是临床工作不可或缺的重要辅助检查手段。心脏除极和复极所产生的电流称为心电向量,是一个既有方向,又有大小的矢量,其正向代表电流的流向,大小代表电流的幅度。在一个心动周期中,每一部分心肌都会除极从而产生一系列的心电向量,所有这些向量可以叠加产生平均值,即心电轴。心房肌除极向量平均值为P电轴,心室肌除极向量平均值为QRS电轴,心室肌复极向量平均值为T电轴。其中QRS电轴最重要,通常简称为“心脏电轴”。
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