SHOURESHI P , TAN A Y , KONERU J , et al . Arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy: JACC state-of-the-art review [J ] . J Am Coll Cardiol , 2024 , 83 ( 22 ): 2214 - 2232 .

ENGEL G , CHO S , GHAYOUMI A , et al . Prognostic significance of PVCs and resting heart rate [J ] . Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol , 2007 , 12 ( 2 ): 121 - 129 .

LEE G K , KLARICH K W , GROGAN M , et al . Premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy: a treatable condition [J ] . Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol , 2012 , 5 ( 1 ): 229 - 236 .

CHEN T B , KOENE R , BENDITT D G , et al . Ventricular ectopy in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: should it be treated? [J ] . J Card Fail , 2013 , 19 ( 1 ): 40 - 49 .

HASDEMIR C , ULUCAN C , YAVUZGIL O , et al . Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias: the incidence, clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics, and the predictors [J ] . J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , 2011 , 22 ( 6 ): 663 - 668 .

HAMON D , BLAYE-FELICE M S , BRADFIELD J S , et al . A new combined parameter to predict premature ventricular complexes induced cardiomyopathy: impact and recognition of epicardial origin [J ] . J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , 2016 , 27 ( 6 ): 709 - 717 .

BAN J E , PARK H C , PARK J S , et al . Electrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of premature ventricular complexes associated with left ventricular dysfunction in patients without structural heart disease [J ] . Europace , 2013 , 15 ( 5 ): 735 - 741 .

CARBALLEIRA POL L , DEYELL M W , FRANKEL D S , et al . Ventricular premature depolarization QRS duration as a new marker of risk for the development of ventricular premature depolarization-induced cardiomyopathy [J ] . Heart Rhythm , 2014 , 11 ( 2 ): 299 - 306 .

HUIZAR J F , KASZALA K , POTFAY J , et al . Left ventricular systolic dysfunction induced by ventricular ectopy: a novel model for premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy [J ] . Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol , 2011 , 4 ( 4 ): 543 - 549 .

TAKEMOTO M , YOSHIMURA H , OHBA Y , et al . Radiofrequency catheter ablation of premature ventricular complexes from right ventricular outflow tract improves left ventricular dilation and clinical status in patients without structural heart disease [J ] . J Am Coll Cardiol , 2005 , 45 ( 8 ): 1259 - 1265 .

TAN A Y , HU Y L , POTFAY J , et al . Impact of ventricular ectopic burden in a premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy animal model [J ] . Heart Rhythm , 2016 , 13 ( 3 ): 755 - 761 .

MAIONE A S , FARIS P , IENGO L , et al . Ca2+ dysregulation in cardiac stromal cells sustains fibro-adipose remodeling in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy and can be modulated by flecainide [J ] . J Transl Med , 2022 , 20 ( 1 ): 522 .

TAN A Y , ELHARRIF K , CARDONA-GUARACHE R , et al . Persistent proarrhythmic neural remodeling despite recovery from premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy [J ] . J Am Coll Cardiol , 2020 , 75 ( 1 ): 1 - 13 .

HUIZAR J F , TAN A Y , KASZALA K , et al . Clinical and translational insights on premature ventricular contractions and PVC-induced cardiomyopathy [J ] . Prog Cardiovasc Dis , 2021 , 66 : 17 - 27 .

KOWLGI G N , TAN A Y , KASZALA K , et al . Left ventricular dyssynchrony as marker of early dysfunction in premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy [J ] . Front Cardiovasc Med , 2022 , 9 : 978341 .

LATCHAMSETTY R , YOKOKAWA M , MORADY F , et al . Multicenter outcomes for catheter ablation of idiopathic premature ventricular complexes [J ] . JACC Clin Electrophysiol , 2015 , 1 ( 3 ): 116 - 123 .

SINGH S N , FLETCHER R D , FISHER S G , et al . Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure [J ] . N Engl J Med , 1995 , 333 ( 2 ): 77 - 82 .

ZHONG L , LEE Y H , HUANG X M , et al . Relative efficacy of catheter ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs in treating premature ventricular contractions: a single-center retrospective study [J ] . Heart Rhythm , 2014 , 11 ( 2 ): 187 - 193 .

DEL CARPIO MUNOZ F , SYED F F , NOHERIA A , et al . Characteristics of premature ventricular complexes as correlates of reduced left ventricular systolic function: study of the burden, duration, coupling interval, morphology and site of origin of PVCs [J ] . J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , 2011 , 22 ( 7 ): 791 - 798 .

HASDEMIR C , ULUCAN C , YAVUZGIL O , et al . Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias: the incidence, clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics, and the predictors [J ] . J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , 2011 , 22 ( 6 ): 663 - 668 .

VOSKOBOINIK A , HADJIS A , ALHEDE C , et al . Predictors of adverse outcome in patients with frequent premature ventricular complexes: The ABC-VT risk score [J ] . Heart Rhythm , 2020 , 17 ( 7 ): 1066 - 1074 .